Resources

Black twig borer fact sheet

Black twig borer is native to east Asia, but is now widely distributed across nearly all tropical regions of the world including most of sub-Saharan Africa, the Americas, south-east Asia and many Pacific islands including New Guinea. It is known to be a major pest of many commercial crops including avocado, mango, macadamia, fig, lychees, coffee and cocoa. It is also known to attack a wide range of other shrubs and trees including many species of Eucalyptus, Acacia and other trees that are native to Australia and grown in plantations overseas. Black twig borers are therefore a major exotic pest threat to Australia’s forestry industry, several tree fruit industries, and to our natural environment.

Burrowing nematode fact sheet

he Burrowing nematode is a significant parasite of banana and tropical fruit. It is commonly found in tropical regions of Africa, the Americas and the Asia Pacific region, including Australia. Although this species is present in Australia, exotic pathotypes represent a biosecurity risk. This includes Fijian pathotypes, which can parasitise a more expansive range of host plants, including ginger, potato, tea, and maize (this is not the case for Burrowing nematode populations currently found in Australia). Introduction of an exotic pathotype of Burrowing nematode could result in a broadened host range and distribution, and higher yield impacts in comparison to what is currently observed from Australian populations.

Californian bean thrips fact sheet

Californian bean thrips are native to California and are widely distributed throughout the Americas and Africa. Incursions have occurred in New Zealand and the United Kingdom, however this species of thrips is not present in Australia. Adults are capable of short-range flight, but movement is largely associated with wind dispersal or fruit movement. Californian bean thrips mainly feed on legumes (Family Fabaceae) but can infest a variety of weed species, with adults frequently found on citrus fruit. They are a high priority pest species owing to high infestation rates of tree and row crops, including avocados, pears, beans, and lettuce.

Carambola fruit fly fact sheets

The Carambola fruit fly is one of the world’s most economically damaging pests of fruit crops. The species is native to Malaysia, Thailand and the west of Indonesia, but has now spread across most of south-east Asia, including Vietnam. It is also now very widespread in Brazil and some neighbouring countries after being introduced to that region in the 1980s. It has not been found in Papua New Guinea. The highest risk of it being introduced to Australia is through illegally imported fruit or through natural dispersal pathways (wind).

Citrus black fly fact sheet

Citrus blackfly is a serious pest that can infest over 300 host plants including citrus (preferred host), avocado, banana, coffee, ginger, grape, and papaya. It is native to India and is now commonly found throughout the United States and South America, Africa, and throughout the Asia Pacific. While this species is exotic to Australia it is found in neighbouring Papua New Guinea.

Cotton aphid fact sheet

Cotton aphid is a serious pest of cotton that can also infest over 700 plant species, including citrus, melon, and cucurbit species. They are globally distributed and are found throughout Australia. However, there are exotic strains of cotton aphid not yet found in Australia that may carry exotic pathogens or demonstrate different insecticide resistance profiles. Cotton aphid is known to be a vector for over 50 different plant diseases including cotton bunchy top disease and mosaic viruses.

European flower thrips fact sheet

European flower thrips is an exotic pest species not found in Australia. It is a serious agricultural pest that can decimate crops by reducing crop quality, quantity and marketability. It is distributed throughout the Americas, including the United States, Europe and the Asia Pacific, including New Zealand. European flower thrips can act as vectors for tospoviruses, including tomato chlorotic spot virus, groundnut ringspot virus, impatiens necrotic spot orthotospovirus, and tomato spotted wilt virus.

Florida thrips fact sheet

Florida flower thrips infests most angiosperms (flowering plants) and is a serious agricultural pest found overseas. It is native to the United States, generally being restricted to Florida and southern Georgia. This exotic pest species is not found in Australia. Florida flower thrips can act as a vector for tospoviruses, including tomato chlorotic spot virus, groundnut ringspot virus, impatiens necrotic spot orthotospovirus, and tomato spotted wilt virus. Florida flower thrips has a very broad host range and can feed on a variety of crops including citrus, blueberries, tomato, pepper, eggplant, cucumber, watermelon, squash, beans, strawberry, sweet corn, as well as ornamentals.

Grain stem gall midge fact sheet

Grain stem gall midges are three related species of tiny flies. Their adult stages are shortlived but the larval stages of these midges are serious pests of grain crops. While no grain stem gall midge species are currently found in Australia, they have a major impact on grain production overseas – particularly in Europe and North America. Each of the main pest species of this group are quite specialized to feed on either wheat (Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor), barley (Barley stem gall midge, Mayetiola hordei) or oats (Oat midge, Mayetiola avenae) respectively. Chemical control of these midges is generally ineffective because the larvae migrate to and feed within the stem base of host plants

Island sugarcane planthopper fact sheet

Island sugarcane planthopper is a serious pest of sugarcane, in large part because it can infect plants with Ramu stunt disease. This insect is found directly to the north of Australia, in Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, and in the Torres Strait. The insect is also present in Cape York Peninsula, however it is understood that the Torres Strait and Cape York populations do not carry the virus that causes Ramu stunt disease. Despite its presence in Australia, the restricted distribution in Cape York and absence of the Ramu stunt pathogen means that Island sugarcane leafhopper remains a high risk exotic pest.

Japanese spine sawyer beetle fact sheet

Pine sawyer beetles (Monochamus spp.) attack many types of pine tree and some other conifer species. Although none of the known pest species of this group are currently found in Australia, the Japanese pine sawyer beetle is of particular concern – it is a significant problem in many parts of the world and is the species of pine sawyer beetle that is most likely to invade Australia. It is native to Japan but is now widespread across the temperate parts of east Asia. These beetles pose a major threat to commercial pine and other conifer plantations because they are highly effective vectors of Pine Wilt Nematode infection. This disease can kill infected trees in a matter of months.

Melon fruit fly fact sheet

The Melon fruit fly is perhaps the most damaging exotic pest of plants from the gourd family. This includes all commercially-grown melons, and many vegetables such as cucumber, pumpkin, squash and zucchini. It is also a major pest of other produce, including mango, avocado, oranges, peach, passionfruit and pawpaw. The species (previously known as Bactrocera cucurbitae) is likely native to India but is now widespread across nearly all of southern Asia, much of Africa and many pacific islands including Papua New Guinea. It is not present in Australia, but there is risk of it being introduced through illegally fruit or vegetables or by natural dispersal into Northern Australia.

New Guinea fruit fly fact sheet

The New Guinea fruit fly is one of the highest risk agricultural pests found around the globe. It is not present in Australia. The species currently occurs in Papua New Guinea and Indonesian West Papua, but there is a risk of it being introduced to Australia through the Torres Strait, or via illegally imported fruit. It poses a significant threat to Australian fruit growing industries above and beyond those of other fruit fly pests that are already present.

Papaya mealybug fact sheet

Papaya mealybug is a small, sap sucking insect that feeds on over 55 host plants, including papaya, avocado, citrus, cotton, and coffee. It is thought to be native to the Americas. This species is also found throughout Asia and the Pacific Islands, with recent detections in Africa. As of 2024 this mealybug is known to occur in isolated regions of Northern Territory and Queensland.

Pink stalk borer fact sheet

This pest, also known as the Ramu shoot borer, is a moth that only occurs on New Guinea and some surrounding islands. However, it is the most serious pest of commercial sugarcane in Papua New Guinea and is one of the highest exotic plant pest risks for the Australian sugar industry. In addition to sugarcane, this species can also feed on rice and on a range of other related grasses. They are particularly difficult to control because their feeding strategy enables them to evade both pesticides and natural enemies.

Sugarcane stem borer fact sheet

The Sugarcane stem borer is a major threat to Australia’s sugarcane industry. Currently this moth species only occurs in New Guinea and on some islands of the Torres Strait. It is not present in mainland Australia. They are particularly difficult to control because their feeding strategy enables them to evade both pesticides and natural enemies. The most likely way this species could be introduced to Australia is through illegal importation of infested plant material.

Sugarcane top borer fact sheet

Sugarcane top borer is one of the highest exotic pest risks for the Australian sugar industry. This species is a major pest of sugarcane in Asia, but is also known to attack sorghum. Infestation can result in significant yield losses. This species occurs widely across southern Asia, from India across to southern China, and down to Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. It is not present in Australia.

Sunn pest fact sheet

Sunn pest is a common, collective name given to a specific group of sap feeding bugs from the Order Hemiptera. Of this ‘Sunn pest’ group, Eurygaster integriceps is a serious pest of cereal grain crops overseas. This species is found in Northern Africa, the Middle East, and Eastern Europe. It is an exotic pest and is not present in Australia.

Turnip moth fact sheet

The Turnip moth is a pest species native to Europe. It is found throughout Asia, the Middle East and Africa, however, it is not found in Australia. Like many high priority exotic pest species, Turnip moth affects a wide range of plants with species from 25 plant families having been identified as hosts. This includes leafy vegetable, grains, crops, cereal, tea, and coffee crops.

Wheat stem sawflies fact sheet

The Wheat stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus) and the closely related European wheat stem sawfly (Cephus pygmeus) are wasp-like insects. Their larvae attack a wide range of cereal crops and other large-stemmed grasses. Neither species is present in Australia, but both of these pests cause significant damage and loss of yield to wheat, barley, oats and other grain crops in Europe and North America. There are no effective chemical control methods for these pests because they are very effectively shielded inside plant stems for most of their life cycle.

ASEAN Regional Diagnostic Framework

The ASEAN Regional Diagnostic Network provides identifications of organisms of agricultural importance (especially plant pests, diseases and weeds) detected in the South-East Asian Region. The diagnostic facility services production agriculture, market access and quarantine operations. It is available to users in the ASEAN region and draws upon expertise both within and beyond the region.

Atlas of Living Australia (ALA)

The ALA contains information on all the known species in Australia aggregated from a wide range of data providers: museums, herbaria, community groups, government departments, individuals and universities.

Australian Plant Name Index (APNI)

APNI is a tool for the botanical community that deals with plant names and their usage in the scientific literature, whether as a current name or synonym.

Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants

Barcode of Life Database (BOLD)

BOLD is designed to support the generation and application of DNA Barcode data.

Bugwood Network

Provides an easily accessible archive of high quality images for use in educational applications.

Bugwood Wiki

CABI

Citrus Resource

Citrus Resource provides a site to assist citrus industry and survey personnel with their pest, disease, and host identification needs.

EPPO Database on Diagnostic Expertise

This database provides an inventory of the diagnostic expertise available in the EPPO region. Its aim is to cover the expertise on regulated pests, pests possibly presenting a risk to EPPO member countries (EPPO Alert List) and plants of the EPPO List of invasive alien plants. This database does not include common pests which are widely distributed in the EPPO region. It includes a section on validation data for diagnostic tests.

GenBank

GenBank is the NIH genetic sequence database, an annotated collection of all publicly available DNA sequences. The GenBank database is designed to provide and encourage access within the scientific community to the most up to date and comprehensive DNA sequence information.

International Plant Names Index (IPNI)

The IPNI is a database of the names and associated basic bibliographical details of seed plants, ferns and lycophytes.

International Plant Protection Convention

The International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) aims to protect cultivated and wild plants by preventing the introduction and spread of pests. The site includes information on the work of the IPPC and information supplied by member countries such as contact points and pest reports.

Lucidcentral.org

Lucid tools are powerful and highly flexible knowledge management software and mobile applications designed to help users with identification or diagnostic tasks.

PestNet

PestNet is an email network that you can use to obtain rapid advice and information on crop protection, including the identification and management of plant pests.

Plantwise Knowledge Bank

Brings together key plant health information from across the world, including a useful diagnostic tool and factsheet library to help diagnose and manage plant health problems.

ProMed-mail

ProMED-mail (the Program for Monitoring Emerging Diseases) is an internet-based reporting system dedicated to rapid dissemination of information on outbreaks of infectious diseases and acute exposures to toxins that affect human health, including those in animals and in plants grown for food or animal feed.

Q-Bank

A web-based database for quarantine plant pest species against taxonomical, phylogenetical and phytosanitary background. Q-bank serves as an identification and detection reference database for phytosanitary organisations. The descriptions of the items in the database are an indispensable tool to identify and detect harmful quarantine organisms.

Taxonomy Australia

Taxonomy Australia, is a website by of the Australian Academy of Science. Its aim is to propel taxonomy and biosystematics onto the radar of policymakers, scientists and the broader community. The new program, which is overseen by an Academy steering committee, arose out of the decadal plan for taxonomy and biosystematics, published in 2018 by the Academy.

Aphids on the World’s Plants (Hemiptera)

Website integrating and fully updating the information from three books, to provide host plant lists and keys as well as a systematic account of the world’s aphids.

Atlas of Living Australia (ALA)

The ALA contains information on all the known species in Australia aggregated from a wide range of data providers: museums, herbaria, community groups, government departments, individuals and universities.

Australian Faunal Directory

The Australian Faunal Directory (AFD) is an online catalogue of taxonomic and biological information on all animal species known to occur within Australia and its territories.

Australian Plant Name Index (APNI)

APNI is a tool for the botanical community that deals with plant names and their usage in the scientific literature, whether as a current name or synonym.

Australian Plant Pest Database (APPD)

The APPD is a national database of pests and diseases of Australia's economically important plants. You can use the APPD to: rapidly locate voucher specimens and efficiently retrieve detailed data on the existence and geographic location of plant pests; assist with bids for market access and to justify measures to exclude potentially harmful, exotic organisms, help in emergency plant pest management, and support relevant research activities.

Barcode of Life Database (BOLD)

BOLD is designed to support the generation and application of DNA Barcode data.

Biosecurity Hub

The Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment website will help everyone better understand their role in keeping Australia safe from pests and diseases. This site will continue to evolve and grow to support people’s biosecurity information needs.

Biosecurity Import Conditions Database (BICON)

BICON houses the Australian Government's Biosecurity import conditions database for more than 20,000 plants, animals, minerals and biological products. It will help you to determine what import conditions exist and if an import permit is required. Please refer to the Department of Agriculture Importing to Australia page for more information about BICON.

Biosecurity Portal

The Biosecurity Portal provides ready access to information about biosecurity surveillance, diagnostics, training, technical information, tools, national policies and strategies, and legislation to plant health professionals and stakeholders across government, industry and the community. The vision for the Portal is to integrate biosecurity activities, scientific capabilities and analysis across the biosecurity continuum

BM(NH) LepIndex, The Global Lepidoptera Names Index

LepIndex is the digitised card index of the Lepidoptera unit of the British Museum of Natural History, London. This database provides comprehensive information regarding the taxonomic histories of all Lepidoptera. If you need to clarify the author and year of description of any Lepidoptera, this is the place you need to visit. The database content is accurate - as one would expect from the British Museum of Natural History - but not always precise. For example, year of publication was found to be inaccurate for a number of Sphingidae.

Exotic Nematode Plant Pests of Agricultural and Environmental Significance in the United States

A list of APHIS quarantine nematode pests hosted by USDA.

Fauna Europaea

Europe's main zoological taxonomic index including land and freshwater species (including invertebrates).

Fungal Planet

The Fungal Planet project is intended to facilitate the description of new fungal species.

Fusarium MLST database

The Fusarium MLST website was constructed to facilitate identification of fusaria by conducting nucleotide BLAST queries of dedicated DNA sequence databases.

GenBank

GenBank is the NIH genetic sequence database, an annotated collection of all publicly available DNA sequences. The GenBank database is designed to provide and encourage access within the scientific community to the most up to date and comprehensive DNA sequence information.

Guide to New Zealand soil invertebrates

Hawaiian Scarab ID (Coleoptera)

Database of 70+ scarab species recorded from Hawaii and Guam as well as several species of biosecurity concern hosted by the USDA.

HOSTS – a Database of the World’s Lepidopteran Hostplants

Records of caterpillar host plants curated by the Natural History Museum UK.

Index Fungorum

The Index Fungorum, the global fungal nomenclator coordinated and supported by the Index Fungorum Partnership, contains names of fungi (including yeasts, lichens, chromistan fungal analogues, protozoan fungal analogues and fossil forms) at all ranks.

International Plant Names Index (IPNI)

The IPNI is a database of the names and associated basic bibliographical details of seed plants, ferns and lycophytes.

List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)

The List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) provides comprehensive information on the nomenclature of prokaryotes.

MycoBank

MycoBank is an on-line database aimed as a service to the mycological and scientific society by documenting nomenclatural novelties and associated data.

PaDIL

The Pest and Disease Image Library (PaDIL) is a biodiversity and biosecurity information management system with an emphasis on delivering high quality diagnostic images. PaDIL contains detailed records of invertebrates, bacteria, fungi, virus and viroids and phytoplasmas that threaten field crops, pasture, forestry, horticulture, marine, human health and animals. The resources within PaDIL assist government and industry in making decisions in relation to protecting against invasive threats to Australia's economy, environment, human health and amenity.

Psyl’list- Psyllid database (Hemiptera)

Psyl'list is an online database dedicated to jumping plant lice

Q-Bank

A web-based database for quarantine plant pest species against taxonomical, phylogenetical and phytosanitary background. Q-bank serves as an identification and detection reference database for phytosanitary organisations. The descriptions of the items in the database are an indispensable tool to identify and detect harmful quarantine organisms.

Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium & Insect Collection

Rust Fungi of Australia

Scale Insects ID Tools (Hemiptera)

An identification tool for scale species of quarantine significance hosted by the USDA.

ScaleNet (Hemiptera)

A USDA database housing summaries of nomenclatural history, a complete bibliography, geographic distribution information and ecological associations of scales.

Spider Mites Web (Tetranychidae)

A comprehensive database for the Tetranychidae.

Systematic Mycology and Microbiology – Fungal Databases

This database allows you to search databases of BPI specimens, fungus-host distributions, literature, nomenclature, of the index to Saccardo, or perform a quick search of all the databases.

Taxonomy Australia

Taxonomy Australia, is a website by of the Australian Academy of Science. Its aim is to propel taxonomy and biosystematics onto the radar of policymakers, scientists and the broader community. The new program, which is overseen by an Academy steering committee, arose out of the decadal plan for taxonomy and biosystematics, published in 2018 by the Academy.

ThripsWiki (Thysanoptera)

A database of scientific names and classification of the species in the insect Order Thysanoptera.

ACIAR Report- Diagnostic manual for plant diseases in Vietnam

This manual is designed to help plant pathologists develop basic skills in the diagnosis of the cause of diseases, focusing on fungal diseases of the roots and stems.

AphID

Identification guide for cosmopolitan and polyphagous aphid species.

Australasian Plant Pathology Society Technology of the Month

A series of technology factsheets compiled by the Australasian Plant Pathology Society.

Australian Faunal Directory

The Australian Faunal Directory (AFD) is an online catalogue of taxonomic and biological information on all animal species known to occur within Australia and its territories.

Australian Lygaeoidea (Heteroptera) of Economic Importance

A manual to help in identification Australian of Lygaeoidea (Heteroptera) of Economic Importance

Australian Plant Bugs (Miridae: Heteroptera) of Economic Importance

A manual to help in identification of Australian Plant Bugs (Miridae: Heteroptera) of Economic Importance

Australian Truffle Orchards Pest and Disease Field Guide

The Field Guide is intended to help identify pests and diseases present while the Manual has more detailed information on each pest and disease to assist in managing them.

Biosecurity Planning

Biosecurity plans (BPs) set out an agreed range of biosecurity activities to mitigate risks from exotic plant pests to particular industries.

Early Screening Tool for Exotic Scarab Pests to Australia (Lucid Key)

The Lucid Key aims to assist diagnosticians and biosecurity related scientists in the front line identification of phytophagous (plant feeding) Scarab beetles from the subfamilies Cetoniinae, Dynastinae, Melolonthinae and Rutelinae. It encompasses a range of exotic pest species, some of which are highly invasive to new regions. The key also includes a number of commonly encountered native and introduced species in Australia.

EPPO Guidelines- Rep-PCR tests for identification of bacteria

This standard describes how to perform rep-PCR tests for identification of bacterial isolates.

EPPO standard- Basic requirements for quality management in plant pest diagnosis laboratories

This European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organisation (EPPO) standard specifies the general quality management requirements needed to perform diagnostic tests for plant pests in a laboratory.

EPPO standard- DNA barcoding as an identification tool for a number of regulated pests

This Standard describes the use of DNA barcoding protocols in support of identification of a number of regulated pests and invasive plant species comparing DNA barcode regions with those deposited in publicly available sequence databases.

EPPO standard- Electron microscopy in diagnosis of plant viruses

This Standard describes the use of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for the detection of virus particles in plant sap.

EPPO standard- ELISA tests for plant pathogenic bacteria

This standard describes how to perform an ELISA test for detection and ⁄ or identification in bacterial diagnostics using: (i) Indirect; (ii) Double antibody sandwich-DAS; (iii) Double antibody sandwich indirect-DASI also named triple antibody sandwich-TAS; and (iv) Direct tissue-print, squash or colony-dot.

EPPO standard- ELISA tests for viruses

EPPO standard- Generic detection of phytoplasmas

This Standard describes a diagnostic protocol for the generic detection of phytoplasmas.

EPPO standard- Indirect immunofluorescence test for plant pathogenic bacteria

This standard describes how to perform an indirect immuno-fluorescence test (IF) for plant pathogenic bacteria.

EPPO standard- Nematode extraction

This EPPO standard describes procedures for nematode extraction.

Exotic Pest Identification and Surveillance Guide for Tropical Horticulture

The guide covers biosecurity, surveillance and the identification of key exotic tropical pests.

Fruit Fly Identification Australia (website)

Fruit Fly Identification Australia is a hub of information to assist in the accurate identification of fruit fly species that occur within Australia and species that are not present within Australia but pose the most significant threat to horticultural industries.

Fusarium MLST database

The Fusarium MLST website was constructed to facilitate identification of fusaria by conducting nucleotide BLAST queries of dedicated DNA sequence databases.

Handbook for the Identification of Fruit Flies

This completely revised version of The Australian Handbook for the Identification of Fruit Flies was compiled by diagnosticians for diagnosticians using some of the latest research outcomes and resources available.

Hawaiian Scarab ID (Coleoptera)

Database of 70+ scarab species recorded from Hawaii and Guam as well as several species of biosecurity concern hosted by the USDA.

IDphy- Phytophthora identification tool

Molecular and morphological identification of Phytophthora species based on the types and other well-authenticated specimens.

Index Fungorum

The Index Fungorum, the global fungal nomenclator coordinated and supported by the Index Fungorum Partnership, contains names of fungi (including yeasts, lichens, chromistan fungal analogues, protozoan fungal analogues and fossil forms) at all ranks.

Insect Keys – NSW DPI

NSW DPI Biosecurity Collections resources: Aphid keys, Auchenorrhyncha keys, Economic Auchenorrhyncha key, Fruit fly key

IPPC Guide to Delivering Phytosanitary Diagnostic Services

This IPPC guide provides information to support the establishment, operation and maintenance of diagnostic laboratories and services in order to support national phytosanitary systems.

Key to the Christmas Beetles of New South Wales

This key enables the user to identify to species level the adult male and female Christmas Beetles (genus Anoplognathus) occurring in New South Wales. Anoplognathus is a genus of the Rutelinae, a subfamily of the family Scarabaeidae, which includes Dung Beetles, Flower Chafers, Rhinoceros Beetles and Christmas Beetles.

Laboratory Directory

Provides a list of known plant diagnostic laboratories based in Australia.

List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)

The List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) provides comprehensive information on the nomenclature of prokaryotes.

Moths of Borneo (Lepidoptera)

18 volumes covering all the 'macro' moths recorded from Borneo.

National Plant Biosecurity Diagnostic Strategy

Phytophthora Database

A catalogue of genotypic and phenotypic Phytophthora data hosted by USDA.

Plant Pest Reference Collections Strategy

Psyl’list- Psyllid database (Hemiptera)

Psyl'list is an online database dedicated to jumping plant lice

Sampling for Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (CLso, zebra chip)

Sampling procedure for Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (CLso, zebra chip) using potato tuber cores. Completed by South Australian Research and Development Institute (SARDI) and funded by Hort Innovation.

Sphingidae of the Western Palaearctic (Lepidoptera)

A database of the Sphingidae (Lepidoptera) in Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, western Siberia and western Central Asia.

Spider Mites Web (Tetranychidae)

A comprehensive database for the Tetranychidae.

Standards and Guidelines: Generation and assessment of MALDI-ToF MS fingerprint spectra

Taxonomy Australia

Taxonomy Australia, is a website by of the Australian Academy of Science. Its aim is to propel taxonomy and biosystematics onto the radar of policymakers, scientists and the broader community. The new program, which is overseen by an Academy steering committee, arose out of the decadal plan for taxonomy and biosystematics, published in 2018 by the Academy.

The Caterpillar Key (Lepidoptera)

An interactive key for identifying families of Lepidoptera larvae, particularly those of Australian biosecurity concern

The Pacific Invasive Ant Key

The Pacific Invasive Ant Key.

Thysanoptera Californica (Thrips)

An identification and information system to thrips in California.

TortAI- Tortricids of Agricultural Importance (Lepidoptera)

Comprehensive resources for identifying adults and larvae of tortricids that threaten agriculture in the United States

Welcome to the Pacific Invasive Ant Toolkit

The Pacific Invasive Ant Toolkit is a collection of resources to help prevent and control invasive ants in the Pacific.

Anastrepha ludens – Mexican fruit fly | Fruit Fly ID Australia

Anastrepha spp. – Fruit fly | IPPC

Aphids on the World’s Plants (Hemiptera)

Website integrating and fully updating the information from three books, to provide host plant lists and keys as well as a systematic account of the world’s aphids.

Apis cerana – Asian honey bee | PaDIL

Apis mellifera capensis – Cape honey bee | PaDIL

Apis mellifera scutellata hybrid – Africanised honey bee | SNP test

ASEAN Regional Diagnostic Framework

The ASEAN Regional Diagnostic Network provides identifications of organisms of agricultural importance (especially plant pests, diseases and weeds) detected in the South-East Asian Region. The diagnostic facility services production agriculture, market access and quarantine operations. It is available to users in the ASEAN region and draws upon expertise both within and beyond the region.

Atlas of Living Australia (ALA)

The ALA contains information on all the known species in Australia aggregated from a wide range of data providers: museums, herbaria, community groups, government departments, individuals and universities.

Australian Entomological Society

Objective is to advance and disseminate entomological knowledge in all its aspects, particularly but not exclusively, in relation to the Australian fauna.

Australian Faunal Directory

The Australian Faunal Directory (AFD) is an online catalogue of taxonomic and biological information on all animal species known to occur within Australia and its territories.

Australian Lepidoptera larvae

This amateur-run website aims to show the adults and larvae of every Lepidoptera in Australia. The website is laid out systematiclaly following the arrangement in the Checklist of the Australian Lepidoptera, and content is adapted from Ian Common's Moths of Australia (1990). Although useful in many instances, this website contains much misinformation and many misidentifications. Photo quality is also variable and sometimes too poor to be useful. This website needs to be used with caution and must never be used without reference to other resources (eg. Common 1990 or the ANIC Lepidoptera unit).

Australian Longhorn Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Volume 1

This volume provides a general introduction to the Australian Cerambycidae with sections on biology, phylogeny and morphology of adult and larvae, followed by the keys to the subfamilies and an overview of the 74 genera of the subfamily Lamiinae occurring in Australia. Cost: AU$150

Australian Lygaeoidea (Heteroptera) of Economic Importance

A manual to help in identification Australian of Lygaeoidea (Heteroptera) of Economic Importance

Australian Moths Online

Australian moths online (AMO) provides a comprehensive, image-based identification tool for Australian moths. Representation of species is exceptional and carefully considered, so that most species likely to be encountered are shown, along with rarer, iconic species. Image quality is variable but adequate for identification purposes. Families are arranged in alphabetic order, meaning you do not need detailed knowledge of Lepidoptera systematics to use this site (ie. it is arranged by family in alphabetical order), just an idea of what family your specimen belongs to.

Australian Plant Bugs (Miridae: Heteroptera) of Economic Importance

A manual to help in identification of Australian Plant Bugs (Miridae: Heteroptera) of Economic Importance

Australian Plant Pest Database (APPD)

The APPD is a national database of pests and diseases of Australia's economically important plants. You can use the APPD to: rapidly locate voucher specimens and efficiently retrieve detailed data on the existence and geographic location of plant pests; assist with bids for market access and to justify measures to exclude potentially harmful, exotic organisms, help in emergency plant pest management, and support relevant research activities.

Barcode of Life Database (BOLD)

BOLD is designed to support the generation and application of DNA Barcode data.

BM(NH) LepIndex, The Global Lepidoptera Names Index

LepIndex is the digitised card index of the Lepidoptera unit of the British Museum of Natural History, London. This database provides comprehensive information regarding the taxonomic histories of all Lepidoptera. If you need to clarify the author and year of description of any Lepidoptera, this is the place you need to visit. The database content is accurate - as one would expect from the British Museum of Natural History - but not always precise. For example, year of publication was found to be inaccurate for a number of Sphingidae.

Bugwood Network

Provides an easily accessible archive of high quality images for use in educational applications.

Bugwood Wiki

CABI

Citrus Resource

Citrus Resource provides a site to assist citrus industry and survey personnel with their pest, disease, and host identification needs.

Early Screening Tool for Exotic Scarab Pests to Australia (Lucid Key)

The Lucid Key aims to assist diagnosticians and biosecurity related scientists in the front line identification of phytophagous (plant feeding) Scarab beetles from the subfamilies Cetoniinae, Dynastinae, Melolonthinae and Rutelinae. It encompasses a range of exotic pest species, some of which are highly invasive to new regions. The key also includes a number of commonly encountered native and introduced species in Australia.

EPPO Database on Diagnostic Expertise

This database provides an inventory of the diagnostic expertise available in the EPPO region. Its aim is to cover the expertise on regulated pests, pests possibly presenting a risk to EPPO member countries (EPPO Alert List) and plants of the EPPO List of invasive alien plants. This database does not include common pests which are widely distributed in the EPPO region. It includes a section on validation data for diagnostic tests.

EPPO standard- Basic requirements for quality management in plant pest diagnosis laboratories

This European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organisation (EPPO) standard specifies the general quality management requirements needed to perform diagnostic tests for plant pests in a laboratory.

Exotic Pest Identification and Surveillance Guide for Tropical Horticulture

The guide covers biosecurity, surveillance and the identification of key exotic tropical pests.

Fauna Europaea

Europe's main zoological taxonomic index including land and freshwater species (including invertebrates).

Field guide for identification of brown marmorated stink bug and similar bugs

A field guide to assist with the identification of exotic stink bugs of biosecurity concern to Australia, including brown marmorated stink bug. The guide includes detailed descriptions and high resolution images of exotic stink bug species and also species that are present in Australia.

Fruit Fly Identification Australia (website)

Fruit Fly Identification Australia is a hub of information to assist in the accurate identification of fruit fly species that occur within Australia and species that are not present within Australia but pose the most significant threat to horticultural industries.

GenBank

GenBank is the NIH genetic sequence database, an annotated collection of all publicly available DNA sequences. The GenBank database is designed to provide and encourage access within the scientific community to the most up to date and comprehensive DNA sequence information.

Handbook for the Identification of Fruit Flies

This completely revised version of The Australian Handbook for the Identification of Fruit Flies was compiled by diagnosticians for diagnosticians using some of the latest research outcomes and resources available.

Hawaiian Scarab ID (Coleoptera)

Database of 70+ scarab species recorded from Hawaii and Guam as well as several species of biosecurity concern hosted by the USDA.

HOSTS – a Database of the World’s Lepidopteran Hostplants

Records of caterpillar host plants curated by the Natural History Museum UK.

Identification Guide to Lepidoptera Larvae Intercepted on Trade Pathways

A publication by the Entomological Society of New Zealand. This Lepidoptera larval identification guide was prepared using invertebrate interception data collected from fresh produce imported into New Zealand covering pre- and post-border interceptions from 1990—2008.

Insect Keys – NSW DPI

NSW DPI Biosecurity Collections resources: Aphid keys, Auchenorrhyncha keys, Economic Auchenorrhyncha key, Fruit fly key

Key to the Christmas Beetles of New South Wales

This key enables the user to identify to species level the adult male and female Christmas Beetles (genus Anoplognathus) occurring in New South Wales. Anoplognathus is a genus of the Rutelinae, a subfamily of the family Scarabaeidae, which includes Dung Beetles, Flower Chafers, Rhinoceros Beetles and Christmas Beetles.

Lucid App – Key to Insect Orders

This simple identification key is designed to identify most common adult insects to Order in Australia. The key has been designed for use by advanced secondary students, beginning undergraduates and others interested in entomology.

Lucidcentral.org

Lucid tools are powerful and highly flexible knowledge management software and mobile applications designed to help users with identification or diagnostic tasks.

Moths of Borneo (Lepidoptera)

18 volumes covering all the 'macro' moths recorded from Borneo.

Moths of Japan (Google Translation)

The Moths of Japan is a systematic, illustrated list of all moths found in Japan. The webpage is written in Japanese, but the link provided here goes through Google Translate which makes it readable. Useful for identification of Japanese Erebidae: Lymantriinae.

Oz Thrips

Oz Thrips is a diagnostic resource containing identification keys for thrips. You can use Oz Thrips to: view details and photos on thrips known in Australia and elsewhere; identify a species you have through use of an identification key.

PaDIL Remote Microscope Diagnostics

Allows species experts to view and identify specimens in real time via a microscope and internet connection. This tool facilitates access to experts both nationally and internationally to support fast and inexpensive diagnostics. Current nodes of the network include most states of Australia, New Zealand, Indonesia and some south-east Asian countries. Remote Microscope Diagnostics (RMD) facilitates pest identification by connecting microscopes with computers over the internet, and users share live images with experts in real time around the world. You can use RMD to: assist with plant pest identifications; facilitate training and share knowledge.

pestIQ

This tool features an insect search engine to help users identify insects quickly and accurately with pestIQ’s simple visual interface.

PestNet

PestNet is an email network that you can use to obtain rapid advice and information on crop protection, including the identification and management of plant pests.

Pests and Diseases Image Library (PaDIL)

PaDIL offers high-quality colour diagnostic images and information on pests and diseases along with a number of comparative native species. You can use PaDIL to: view plant pest images to help with making diagnoses; compare plant pest of interest with comparative native species; query datasets and manage image database libraries; assist with use of PaDIL remote microscopy

Plant Protection (Books 1-4)

Book 1 – Pests, Diseases and Weeds – These are the causes of most plant problems. Some problems affect a wide range of plants, others a limited range. Diagnosis of the cause of a problem precedes effective control.
Book 2 – Methods of Control – All possible methods of control are considered including preventative and non-chemical methods.
Book 3 – Selected Ornamentals, Fruit and Vegetables – Most plants included in this book are prone to problems or are important commercial and horticultural species. This book is a starting point for the collection of the type of information needed for the preparation of a plant management program.
Book 4 – How to Diagnose Plant Problems – This is a ‘how to’ book that describes the process of diagnosing plant problems. It is not intended for identifying specific pests, diseases and weeds.

Plantwise Knowledge Bank

Brings together key plant health information from across the world, including a useful diagnostic tool and factsheet library to help diagnose and manage plant health problems.

ProMed-mail

ProMED-mail (the Program for Monitoring Emerging Diseases) is an internet-based reporting system dedicated to rapid dissemination of information on outbreaks of infectious diseases and acute exposures to toxins that affect human health, including those in animals and in plants grown for food or animal feed.

Psyl’list- Psyllid database (Hemiptera)

Psyl'list is an online database dedicated to jumping plant lice

Q-Bank

A web-based database for quarantine plant pest species against taxonomical, phylogenetical and phytosanitary background. Q-bank serves as an identification and detection reference database for phytosanitary organisations. The descriptions of the items in the database are an indispensable tool to identify and detect harmful quarantine organisms.

Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium & Insect Collection

Scale Insects ID Tools (Hemiptera)

An identification tool for scale species of quarantine significance hosted by the USDA.

ScaleNet (Hemiptera)

A USDA database housing summaries of nomenclatural history, a complete bibliography, geographic distribution information and ecological associations of scales.

Scientific review of the impact of climate change on plant pests

Climate change represents an unprecedented challenge to the world’s biosphere and to the global community. It also represents a unique challenge for plant health. Human activities and increased market globalization, coupled with rising temperatures, has led to a situation that is favourable to pest movement and establishment. This scientific review assesses the potential effects of climate change on plant pests and consequently on plant health. The evidence assessed strongly indicates that climate change has already expanded some pests’ host range and geographical distribution, and may further increase the risk of pest introduction to new areas. This calls for international cooperation and development of harmonized plant protection strategies to help countries successfully adapt their pest risk management measures to climate change.

Sphingidae of the Western Palaearctic (Lepidoptera)

A database of the Sphingidae (Lepidoptera) in Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, western Siberia and western Central Asia.

Spider Mites Web (Tetranychidae)

A comprehensive database for the Tetranychidae.

Taxonomy Australia

Taxonomy Australia, is a website by of the Australian Academy of Science. Its aim is to propel taxonomy and biosystematics onto the radar of policymakers, scientists and the broader community. The new program, which is overseen by an Academy steering committee, arose out of the decadal plan for taxonomy and biosystematics, published in 2018 by the Academy.

The Caterpillar Key (Lepidoptera)

An interactive key for identifying families of Lepidoptera larvae, particularly those of Australian biosecurity concern

The Pacific Invasive Ant Key

The Pacific Invasive Ant Key.

ThripsWiki (Thysanoptera)

A database of scientific names and classification of the species in the insect Order Thysanoptera.

Thysanoptera Californica (Thrips)

An identification and information system to thrips in California.

Tomato, capsicum, chilli and eggplant: a field guide for the identification of insect pests, beneficial, diseases and disorders in Australia and Cambodia

This practical guide is intended to be a tool for integrated pest management. Originally designed for Khmer-speaking farmers in Australia and Cambodia, this guide will help students, extension officers and farm advisers, in Australia, Cambodia, and in countries facing similar challenges, grow healthy tomatoes, capsicums, chillies and eggplants. It identifies the major insect pests, beneficial organisms, diseases, and nutritional and climatic disorders which affect these crops.

TortAI- Tortricids of Agricultural Importance (Lepidoptera)

Comprehensive resources for identifying adults and larvae of tortricids that threaten agriculture in the United States

Welcome to the Pacific Invasive Ant Toolkit

The Pacific Invasive Ant Toolkit is a collection of resources to help prevent and control invasive ants in the Pacific.

EPPO standard- Basic requirements for quality management in plant pest diagnosis laboratories

This European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organisation (EPPO) standard specifies the general quality management requirements needed to perform diagnostic tests for plant pests in a laboratory.

International Plant Protection Convention

The International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) aims to protect cultivated and wild plants by preventing the introduction and spread of pests. The site includes information on the work of the IPPC and information supplied by member countries such as contact points and pest reports.

High Throughput Sequencing

Anastrepha ludens – Mexican fruit fly | Fruit Fly ID Australia

Anisogramma anomala – Hazelnut blight | EPPO

AphID

Identification guide for cosmopolitan and polyphagous aphid species.

Apis cerana – Asian honey bee | PaDIL

Apis mellifera capensis – Cape honey bee | PaDIL

Apis mellifera scutellata hybrid – Africanised honey bee | SNP test

Australasian Plant Pathology Society Technology of the Month

A series of technology factsheets compiled by the Australasian Plant Pathology Society.

Australian Lepidoptera larvae

This amateur-run website aims to show the adults and larvae of every Lepidoptera in Australia. The website is laid out systematiclaly following the arrangement in the Checklist of the Australian Lepidoptera, and content is adapted from Ian Common's Moths of Australia (1990). Although useful in many instances, this website contains much misinformation and many misidentifications. Photo quality is also variable and sometimes too poor to be useful. This website needs to be used with caution and must never be used without reference to other resources (eg. Common 1990 or the ANIC Lepidoptera unit).

Australian Longhorn Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Volume 1

This volume provides a general introduction to the Australian Cerambycidae with sections on biology, phylogeny and morphology of adult and larvae, followed by the keys to the subfamilies and an overview of the 74 genera of the subfamily Lamiinae occurring in Australia. Cost: AU$150

Australian Lygaeoidea (Heteroptera) of Economic Importance

A manual to help in identification Australian of Lygaeoidea (Heteroptera) of Economic Importance

Australian Moths Online

Australian moths online (AMO) provides a comprehensive, image-based identification tool for Australian moths. Representation of species is exceptional and carefully considered, so that most species likely to be encountered are shown, along with rarer, iconic species. Image quality is variable but adequate for identification purposes. Families are arranged in alphabetic order, meaning you do not need detailed knowledge of Lepidoptera systematics to use this site (ie. it is arranged by family in alphabetical order), just an idea of what family your specimen belongs to.

Australian Plant Bugs (Miridae: Heteroptera) of Economic Importance

A manual to help in identification of Australian Plant Bugs (Miridae: Heteroptera) of Economic Importance

Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants

Australian Truffle Orchards Pest and Disease Field Guide

The Field Guide is intended to help identify pests and diseases present while the Manual has more detailed information on each pest and disease to assist in managing them.

Bactericera cockerelli – tomato potato psyllid | OIRSA

Barcode of Life Database (BOLD)

BOLD is designed to support the generation and application of DNA Barcode data.

Bugwood Network

Provides an easily accessible archive of high quality images for use in educational applications.

Bugwood Wiki

Citrus Resource

Citrus Resource provides a site to assist citrus industry and survey personnel with their pest, disease, and host identification needs.

EPPO Guidelines- Rep-PCR tests for identification of bacteria

This standard describes how to perform rep-PCR tests for identification of bacterial isolates.

EPPO standard- DNA barcoding as an identification tool for a number of regulated pests

This Standard describes the use of DNA barcoding protocols in support of identification of a number of regulated pests and invasive plant species comparing DNA barcode regions with those deposited in publicly available sequence databases.

EPPO standard- Electron microscopy in diagnosis of plant viruses

This Standard describes the use of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for the detection of virus particles in plant sap.

EPPO standard- ELISA tests for plant pathogenic bacteria

This standard describes how to perform an ELISA test for detection and ⁄ or identification in bacterial diagnostics using: (i) Indirect; (ii) Double antibody sandwich-DAS; (iii) Double antibody sandwich indirect-DASI also named triple antibody sandwich-TAS; and (iv) Direct tissue-print, squash or colony-dot.

EPPO standard- ELISA tests for viruses

EPPO standard- Generic detection of phytoplasmas

This Standard describes a diagnostic protocol for the generic detection of phytoplasmas.

EPPO standard- Indirect immunofluorescence test for plant pathogenic bacteria

This standard describes how to perform an indirect immuno-fluorescence test (IF) for plant pathogenic bacteria.

EPPO standard- Nematode extraction

This EPPO standard describes procedures for nematode extraction.

Field guide for identification of brown marmorated stink bug and similar bugs

A field guide to assist with the identification of exotic stink bugs of biosecurity concern to Australia, including brown marmorated stink bug. The guide includes detailed descriptions and high resolution images of exotic stink bug species and also species that are present in Australia.

Fruit Fly Identification Australia (website)

Fruit Fly Identification Australia is a hub of information to assist in the accurate identification of fruit fly species that occur within Australia and species that are not present within Australia but pose the most significant threat to horticultural industries.

Guide to New Zealand soil invertebrates

Handbook for the Identification of Fruit Flies

This completely revised version of The Australian Handbook for the Identification of Fruit Flies was compiled by diagnosticians for diagnosticians using some of the latest research outcomes and resources available.

Hoplstoma fuligineus – large hive beetle | PaDIL

Identification Guide to Lepidoptera Larvae Intercepted on Trade Pathways

A publication by the Entomological Society of New Zealand. This Lepidoptera larval identification guide was prepared using invertebrate interception data collected from fresh produce imported into New Zealand covering pre- and post-border interceptions from 1990—2008.

IDphy- Phytophthora identification tool

Molecular and morphological identification of Phytophthora species based on the types and other well-authenticated specimens.

Insect Keys – NSW DPI

NSW DPI Biosecurity Collections resources: Aphid keys, Auchenorrhyncha keys, Economic Auchenorrhyncha key, Fruit fly key

International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants

The International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants is the set of rules and recommendations that govern the scientific naming of all organisms traditionally treated as algae, fungi, or plants, whether fossil or non-fossil, including blue-green algae (Cyanobacteria), chytrids, oomycetes, slime moulds, and photosynthetic protists with their taxonomically related non-photosynthetic groups (but excluding Microsporidia).

International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)

The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) authorises and organises virus taxonomic classification and nomenclatures. The ICTV has developed a universal taxonomic scheme for viruses.

International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) virus naming convention

The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) naming convention.

Lucid App – Key to Insect Orders

This simple identification key is designed to identify most common adult insects to Order in Australia. The key has been designed for use by advanced secondary students, beginning undergraduates and others interested in entomology.

Lucid mobile apps

A subset of the US Department of Agriculture Identification Technology Program’s (ITP) web-based identification tools have been made into mobile apps.

Lucidcentral.org

Lucid tools are powerful and highly flexible knowledge management software and mobile applications designed to help users with identification or diagnostic tasks.

Moths of Borneo (Lepidoptera)

18 volumes covering all the 'macro' moths recorded from Borneo.

Moths of Japan (Google Translation)

The Moths of Japan is a systematic, illustrated list of all moths found in Japan. The webpage is written in Japanese, but the link provided here goes through Google Translate which makes it readable. Useful for identification of Japanese Erebidae: Lymantriinae.

MycoBank

MycoBank is an on-line database aimed as a service to the mycological and scientific society by documenting nomenclatural novelties and associated data.

Oz Thrips

Oz Thrips is a diagnostic resource containing identification keys for thrips. You can use Oz Thrips to: view details and photos on thrips known in Australia and elsewhere; identify a species you have through use of an identification key.

pestIQ

This tool features an insect search engine to help users identify insects quickly and accurately with pestIQ’s simple visual interface.

Pests and Diseases Image Library (PaDIL)

PaDIL offers high-quality colour diagnostic images and information on pests and diseases along with a number of comparative native species. You can use PaDIL to: view plant pest images to help with making diagnoses; compare plant pest of interest with comparative native species; query datasets and manage image database libraries; assist with use of PaDIL remote microscopy

Plant Protection (Books 1-4)

Book 1 – Pests, Diseases and Weeds – These are the causes of most plant problems. Some problems affect a wide range of plants, others a limited range. Diagnosis of the cause of a problem precedes effective control.
Book 2 – Methods of Control – All possible methods of control are considered including preventative and non-chemical methods.
Book 3 – Selected Ornamentals, Fruit and Vegetables – Most plants included in this book are prone to problems or are important commercial and horticultural species. This book is a starting point for the collection of the type of information needed for the preparation of a plant management program.
Book 4 – How to Diagnose Plant Problems – This is a ‘how to’ book that describes the process of diagnosing plant problems. It is not intended for identifying specific pests, diseases and weeds.

Plantwise Knowledge Bank

Brings together key plant health information from across the world, including a useful diagnostic tool and factsheet library to help diagnose and manage plant health problems.

PREDICTA B

PREDICTA® B (broadacre) is a DNA-based soil testing service that helps grain and pulse producers identify which soil-borne pathogens pose a significant risk to their crops before seeding so steps can be taken to minimise risk of yield loss.

PREDICTA Pt

PREDICTA® Pt (Pt = potato) is a DNA-based soil and seed peel testing service that helps potato growers identify which soil-borne pathogens pose a significant risk to their crops, so steps can be taken to minimise the risk of yield loss.

PREDICTA Research

PREDICTA® Research is a DNA-based soil testing service that quantifies the amount of soil-borne pathogen DNA or plant root DNA present in a sample.

Psyl’list- Psyllid database (Hemiptera)

Psyl'list is an online database dedicated to jumping plant lice

Q-Bank

A web-based database for quarantine plant pest species against taxonomical, phylogenetical and phytosanitary background. Q-bank serves as an identification and detection reference database for phytosanitary organisations. The descriptions of the items in the database are an indispensable tool to identify and detect harmful quarantine organisms.

Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium & Insect Collection

Rust Fungi of Australia

Scale Insects ID Tools (Hemiptera)

An identification tool for scale species of quarantine significance hosted by the USDA.

ScaleNet (Hemiptera)

A USDA database housing summaries of nomenclatural history, a complete bibliography, geographic distribution information and ecological associations of scales.

Smut Fungi of Australia

An interactive key for the 312 species of plant pathogenic smut fungi (Ustilaginomycetes) known from Australia. Most grasses, including the economically important cereals, are hosts of smut fungi. Many smut fungi are also found on grasses in rangeland zones, an area of national priority.

Smut Fungi of Thailand

An interactive key for the 69 species of plant pathogenic smut fungi (Ustilaginomycetes) known from Thailand. Most grasses, including the economically important cereals, are hosts of smut fungi. Many smut fungi are also found on grasses in rangeland zones, an area of national priority.

Sphingidae of the Western Palaearctic (Lepidoptera)

A database of the Sphingidae (Lepidoptera) in Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, western Siberia and western Central Asia.

Spider Mites Web (Tetranychidae)

A comprehensive database for the Tetranychidae.

The Caterpillar Key (Lepidoptera)

An interactive key for identifying families of Lepidoptera larvae, particularly those of Australian biosecurity concern

The Pacific Invasive Ant Key

The Pacific Invasive Ant Key.

Thysanoptera Californica (Thrips)

An identification and information system to thrips in California.

TortAI- Tortricids of Agricultural Importance (Lepidoptera)

Comprehensive resources for identifying adults and larvae of tortricids that threaten agriculture in the United States

Veg Pest ID App

An app the assists the identification of vegetable pests, diseases and disorders, developed by Applied Horticultural Research and funded by Horticulture Innovation Australia.

Welcome to the Pacific Invasive Ant Toolkit

The Pacific Invasive Ant Toolkit is a collection of resources to help prevent and control invasive ants in the Pacific.

Australian Lygaeoidea (Heteroptera) of Economic Importance

A manual to help in identification Australian of Lygaeoidea (Heteroptera) of Economic Importance

Australian Plant Bugs (Miridae: Heteroptera) of Economic Importance

A manual to help in identification of Australian Plant Bugs (Miridae: Heteroptera) of Economic Importance

Early Screening Tool for Exotic Scarab Pests to Australia (Lucid Key)

The Lucid Key aims to assist diagnosticians and biosecurity related scientists in the front line identification of phytophagous (plant feeding) Scarab beetles from the subfamilies Cetoniinae, Dynastinae, Melolonthinae and Rutelinae. It encompasses a range of exotic pest species, some of which are highly invasive to new regions. The key also includes a number of commonly encountered native and introduced species in Australia.

Hawaiian Scarab ID (Coleoptera)

Database of 70+ scarab species recorded from Hawaii and Guam as well as several species of biosecurity concern hosted by the USDA.

IDphy- Phytophthora identification tool

Molecular and morphological identification of Phytophthora species based on the types and other well-authenticated specimens.

Insect Keys – NSW DPI

NSW DPI Biosecurity Collections resources: Aphid keys, Auchenorrhyncha keys, Economic Auchenorrhyncha key, Fruit fly key

Key to the Christmas Beetles of New South Wales

This key enables the user to identify to species level the adult male and female Christmas Beetles (genus Anoplognathus) occurring in New South Wales. Anoplognathus is a genus of the Rutelinae, a subfamily of the family Scarabaeidae, which includes Dung Beetles, Flower Chafers, Rhinoceros Beetles and Christmas Beetles.

The Caterpillar Key (Lepidoptera)

An interactive key for identifying families of Lepidoptera larvae, particularly those of Australian biosecurity concern

Thysanoptera Californica (Thrips)

An identification and information system to thrips in California.

National Diagnostic Protocol List

Reference Standard 1 – Glossary of terms

Reference Standard 2 – Development of NDPs – procedures for authors

Reference Standard 3 – Guidelines for the Development, Approval and Endorsement Processes of National Diagnostic Protocols

Reference Standard 4 – Guidelines for Peer Review, Verification and NDP Reviews

EPPO standard- Nematode extraction

This EPPO standard describes procedures for nematode extraction.

Exotic Nematode Plant Pests of Agricultural and Environmental Significance in the United States

A list of APHIS quarantine nematode pests hosted by USDA.

ASEAN Regional Diagnostic Framework

The ASEAN Regional Diagnostic Network provides identifications of organisms of agricultural importance (especially plant pests, diseases and weeds) detected in the South-East Asian Region. The diagnostic facility services production agriculture, market access and quarantine operations. It is available to users in the ASEAN region and draws upon expertise both within and beyond the region.

Australasian Plant Pathology Society (APPSnet)

The APPSnet is dedicated to the advancement and dissemination of knowledge of plant pathology and its practice in Australasia.

Australian Entomological Society

Objective is to advance and disseminate entomological knowledge in all its aspects, particularly but not exclusively, in relation to the Australian fauna.

International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants

The International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants is the set of rules and recommendations that govern the scientific naming of all organisms traditionally treated as algae, fungi, or plants, whether fossil or non-fossil, including blue-green algae (Cyanobacteria), chytrids, oomycetes, slime moulds, and photosynthetic protists with their taxonomically related non-photosynthetic groups (but excluding Microsporidia).

International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)

The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) authorises and organises virus taxonomic classification and nomenclatures. The ICTV has developed a universal taxonomic scheme for viruses.

International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) virus naming convention

The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) naming convention.

International Society for Plant Pathology (ISPP)

The ISPP promotes the world-wide development of plant pathology and the dissemination of knowledge about plant diseases and plant health management.

National Plant Diagnostic Network (NPDN)

The National Plant Diagnostic Network (NPDN) in the United States of America (USA) plays a crucial role in supporting plant health by providing expert diagnostics and early detection of pests and diseases. Established in 2002 by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and Homeland Security, NPDN helps protect the USA’s agricultural and natural ecosystems by sharing quality diagnostic information and coordinating biosecurity efforts.

PaDIL Remote Microscope Diagnostics

Allows species experts to view and identify specimens in real time via a microscope and internet connection. This tool facilitates access to experts both nationally and internationally to support fast and inexpensive diagnostics. Current nodes of the network include most states of Australia, New Zealand, Indonesia and some south-east Asian countries. Remote Microscope Diagnostics (RMD) facilitates pest identification by connecting microscopes with computers over the internet, and users share live images with experts in real time around the world. You can use RMD to: assist with plant pest identifications; facilitate training and share knowledge.

PestNet

PestNet is an email network that you can use to obtain rapid advice and information on crop protection, including the identification and management of plant pests.

Australasian Plant Pathology Society (APPS) Pathogen of the Month

A series of pathogen factsheets compiled by the Australasian Plant Pathology Society.

Australian Plant Pathology Society (APPS) Technology of the Month

A series of factsheets detailing new and emerging technology for the detection of plant pathogens, compiled by the Australasian Plant Pathology Society.

Biosecurity Import Conditions Database (BICON)

BICON houses the Australian Government's Biosecurity import conditions database for more than 20,000 plants, animals, minerals and biological products. It will help you to determine what import conditions exist and if an import permit is required. Please refer to the Department of Agriculture Importing to Australia page for more information about BICON.

Biosecurity Planning

Biosecurity plans (BPs) set out an agreed range of biosecurity activities to mitigate risks from exotic plant pests to particular industries.

Cotton Insect ID guide: From endemics to exotics (fall armyworm)

This ID guide will assist you in identifying cotton Lepidoptera pests, cluster caterpillar, northern armyworm and fall armyworm.

Exotic Pest Identification and Surveillance Guide for Tropical Horticulture

The guide covers biosecurity, surveillance and the identification of key exotic tropical pests.

The Pacific Invasive Ant Key

The Pacific Invasive Ant Key.

Welcome to the Pacific Invasive Ant Toolkit

The Pacific Invasive Ant Toolkit is a collection of resources to help prevent and control invasive ants in the Pacific.

Anisogramma anomala – Hazelnut blight | EPPO

ASEAN Regional Diagnostic Framework

The ASEAN Regional Diagnostic Network provides identifications of organisms of agricultural importance (especially plant pests, diseases and weeds) detected in the South-East Asian Region. The diagnostic facility services production agriculture, market access and quarantine operations. It is available to users in the ASEAN region and draws upon expertise both within and beyond the region.

Atlas of Living Australia (ALA)

The ALA contains information on all the known species in Australia aggregated from a wide range of data providers: museums, herbaria, community groups, government departments, individuals and universities.

Australasian Plant Pathology Society (APPS) Pathogen of the Month

A series of pathogen factsheets compiled by the Australasian Plant Pathology Society.

Australasian Plant Pathology Society (APPSnet)

The APPSnet is dedicated to the advancement and dissemination of knowledge of plant pathology and its practice in Australasia.

Australian Plant Pathology Society (APPS) Technology of the Month

A series of factsheets detailing new and emerging technology for the detection of plant pathogens, compiled by the Australasian Plant Pathology Society.

Australian Plant Pest Database (APPD)

The APPD is a national database of pests and diseases of Australia's economically important plants. You can use the APPD to: rapidly locate voucher specimens and efficiently retrieve detailed data on the existence and geographic location of plant pests; assist with bids for market access and to justify measures to exclude potentially harmful, exotic organisms, help in emergency plant pest management, and support relevant research activities.

Barcode of Life Database (BOLD)

BOLD is designed to support the generation and application of DNA Barcode data.

Bugwood Network

Provides an easily accessible archive of high quality images for use in educational applications.

Bugwood Wiki

CABI

Citrus Resource

Citrus Resource provides a site to assist citrus industry and survey personnel with their pest, disease, and host identification needs.

EPPO Database on Diagnostic Expertise

This database provides an inventory of the diagnostic expertise available in the EPPO region. Its aim is to cover the expertise on regulated pests, pests possibly presenting a risk to EPPO member countries (EPPO Alert List) and plants of the EPPO List of invasive alien plants. This database does not include common pests which are widely distributed in the EPPO region. It includes a section on validation data for diagnostic tests.

EPPO standard- Basic requirements for quality management in plant pest diagnosis laboratories

This European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organisation (EPPO) standard specifies the general quality management requirements needed to perform diagnostic tests for plant pests in a laboratory.

Exotic Pest Identification and Surveillance Guide for Tropical Horticulture

The guide covers biosecurity, surveillance and the identification of key exotic tropical pests.

Fungal Planet

The Fungal Planet project is intended to facilitate the description of new fungal species.

Fusarium MLST database

The Fusarium MLST website was constructed to facilitate identification of fusaria by conducting nucleotide BLAST queries of dedicated DNA sequence databases.

GenBank

GenBank is the NIH genetic sequence database, an annotated collection of all publicly available DNA sequences. The GenBank database is designed to provide and encourage access within the scientific community to the most up to date and comprehensive DNA sequence information.

IDphy- Phytophthora identification tool

Molecular and morphological identification of Phytophthora species based on the types and other well-authenticated specimens.

Index Fungorum

The Index Fungorum, the global fungal nomenclator coordinated and supported by the Index Fungorum Partnership, contains names of fungi (including yeasts, lichens, chromistan fungal analogues, protozoan fungal analogues and fossil forms) at all ranks.

International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants

The International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants is the set of rules and recommendations that govern the scientific naming of all organisms traditionally treated as algae, fungi, or plants, whether fossil or non-fossil, including blue-green algae (Cyanobacteria), chytrids, oomycetes, slime moulds, and photosynthetic protists with their taxonomically related non-photosynthetic groups (but excluding Microsporidia).

International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)

The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) authorises and organises virus taxonomic classification and nomenclatures. The ICTV has developed a universal taxonomic scheme for viruses.

International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) virus naming convention

The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) naming convention.

International Plant Protection Convention

The International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) aims to protect cultivated and wild plants by preventing the introduction and spread of pests. The site includes information on the work of the IPPC and information supplied by member countries such as contact points and pest reports.

International Society for Plant Pathology (ISPP)

The ISPP promotes the world-wide development of plant pathology and the dissemination of knowledge about plant diseases and plant health management.

List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)

The List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) provides comprehensive information on the nomenclature of prokaryotes.

Lucidcentral.org

Lucid tools are powerful and highly flexible knowledge management software and mobile applications designed to help users with identification or diagnostic tasks.

MycoBank

MycoBank is an on-line database aimed as a service to the mycological and scientific society by documenting nomenclatural novelties and associated data.

PaDIL Remote Microscope Diagnostics

Allows species experts to view and identify specimens in real time via a microscope and internet connection. This tool facilitates access to experts both nationally and internationally to support fast and inexpensive diagnostics. Current nodes of the network include most states of Australia, New Zealand, Indonesia and some south-east Asian countries. Remote Microscope Diagnostics (RMD) facilitates pest identification by connecting microscopes with computers over the internet, and users share live images with experts in real time around the world. You can use RMD to: assist with plant pest identifications; facilitate training and share knowledge.

PestNet

PestNet is an email network that you can use to obtain rapid advice and information on crop protection, including the identification and management of plant pests.

Pests and Diseases Image Library (PaDIL)

PaDIL offers high-quality colour diagnostic images and information on pests and diseases along with a number of comparative native species. You can use PaDIL to: view plant pest images to help with making diagnoses; compare plant pest of interest with comparative native species; query datasets and manage image database libraries; assist with use of PaDIL remote microscopy

Phytophthora Database

A catalogue of genotypic and phenotypic Phytophthora data hosted by USDA.

Plant Protection (Books 1-4)

Book 1 – Pests, Diseases and Weeds – These are the causes of most plant problems. Some problems affect a wide range of plants, others a limited range. Diagnosis of the cause of a problem precedes effective control.
Book 2 – Methods of Control – All possible methods of control are considered including preventative and non-chemical methods.
Book 3 – Selected Ornamentals, Fruit and Vegetables – Most plants included in this book are prone to problems or are important commercial and horticultural species. This book is a starting point for the collection of the type of information needed for the preparation of a plant management program.
Book 4 – How to Diagnose Plant Problems – This is a ‘how to’ book that describes the process of diagnosing plant problems. It is not intended for identifying specific pests, diseases and weeds.

Plantwise Knowledge Bank

Brings together key plant health information from across the world, including a useful diagnostic tool and factsheet library to help diagnose and manage plant health problems.

PREDICTA B

PREDICTA® B (broadacre) is a DNA-based soil testing service that helps grain and pulse producers identify which soil-borne pathogens pose a significant risk to their crops before seeding so steps can be taken to minimise risk of yield loss.

PREDICTA Pt

PREDICTA® Pt (Pt = potato) is a DNA-based soil and seed peel testing service that helps potato growers identify which soil-borne pathogens pose a significant risk to their crops, so steps can be taken to minimise the risk of yield loss.

PREDICTA Research

PREDICTA® Research is a DNA-based soil testing service that quantifies the amount of soil-borne pathogen DNA or plant root DNA present in a sample.

ProMed-mail

ProMED-mail (the Program for Monitoring Emerging Diseases) is an internet-based reporting system dedicated to rapid dissemination of information on outbreaks of infectious diseases and acute exposures to toxins that affect human health, including those in animals and in plants grown for food or animal feed.

Q-Bank

A web-based database for quarantine plant pest species against taxonomical, phylogenetical and phytosanitary background. Q-bank serves as an identification and detection reference database for phytosanitary organisations. The descriptions of the items in the database are an indispensable tool to identify and detect harmful quarantine organisms.

Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium & Insect Collection

Rust Fungi of Australia

Sampling for Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (CLso, zebra chip)

Sampling procedure for Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (CLso, zebra chip) using potato tuber cores. Completed by South Australian Research and Development Institute (SARDI) and funded by Hort Innovation.

Scientific review of the impact of climate change on plant pests

Climate change represents an unprecedented challenge to the world’s biosphere and to the global community. It also represents a unique challenge for plant health. Human activities and increased market globalization, coupled with rising temperatures, has led to a situation that is favourable to pest movement and establishment. This scientific review assesses the potential effects of climate change on plant pests and consequently on plant health. The evidence assessed strongly indicates that climate change has already expanded some pests’ host range and geographical distribution, and may further increase the risk of pest introduction to new areas. This calls for international cooperation and development of harmonized plant protection strategies to help countries successfully adapt their pest risk management measures to climate change.

Smut Fungi of Australia

An interactive key for the 312 species of plant pathogenic smut fungi (Ustilaginomycetes) known from Australia. Most grasses, including the economically important cereals, are hosts of smut fungi. Many smut fungi are also found on grasses in rangeland zones, an area of national priority.

Smut Fungi of Thailand

An interactive key for the 69 species of plant pathogenic smut fungi (Ustilaginomycetes) known from Thailand. Most grasses, including the economically important cereals, are hosts of smut fungi. Many smut fungi are also found on grasses in rangeland zones, an area of national priority.

Systematic Mycology and Microbiology – Fungal Databases

This database allows you to search databases of BPI specimens, fungus-host distributions, literature, nomenclature, of the index to Saccardo, or perform a quick search of all the databases.

Taxonomy Australia

Taxonomy Australia, is a website by of the Australian Academy of Science. Its aim is to propel taxonomy and biosystematics onto the radar of policymakers, scientists and the broader community. The new program, which is overseen by an Academy steering committee, arose out of the decadal plan for taxonomy and biosystematics, published in 2018 by the Academy.

Tomato, capsicum, chilli and eggplant: a field guide for the identification of insect pests, beneficial, diseases and disorders in Australia and Cambodia

This practical guide is intended to be a tool for integrated pest management. Originally designed for Khmer-speaking farmers in Australia and Cambodia, this guide will help students, extension officers and farm advisers, in Australia, Cambodia, and in countries facing similar challenges, grow healthy tomatoes, capsicums, chillies and eggplants. It identifies the major insect pests, beneficial organisms, diseases, and nutritional and climatic disorders which affect these crops.

Acarapsis woodi – tracheal mite | Bee Book

Acarapsis woodi – tracheal mite | OIE

ACIAR Report- Diagnostic manual for plant diseases in Vietnam

This manual is designed to help plant pathologists develop basic skills in the diagnosis of the cause of diseases, focusing on fungal diseases of the roots and stems.

Acidovorax citrulli – cucurbit bacterial fruit blotch | EPPO

Aleurocanthus spiniferus – Citrus spiny whitefly | EPPO

Aleurocanthus woglumi – Citrus blackfly | EPPO

American plum line pattern virus (Ilarvirus) – American plum line (APLPV) | EPPO

Anastrepha spp. – Fruit fly | IPPC

Andean potato latent virus (Tymovirus) – Andean potato latent virus (APLV) | EPPO

EPPO diagnostic protocol for Andean potato latent virus (Tymovirus) & Andean potato mild mosaic virus (Tymovirus).

Andean potato mild mosaic virus (Tymovirus) – Andean potato mild mosaic (APMMV) | EPPO

Anguina spp. – seed gall nematode | IPPC

Aonidiella citrina – yellow scale | EPPO

Aphelenchoides besseyi – Rice leaf nematode | EPPO

Aphelenchoides besseyi – Rice leaf nematode | IPPC

Aphelenchoides fragariae – Strawberry crimp nematode | IPPC

Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi – Chrysanthemum leaf nematode | IPPC

Australian Emergency Plant Pest Response Plan (PLANTPLAN)

PLANTPLAN is the agreed technical response plan used to respond to an emergency plant pest incident.

Austropuccinia psidii – Myrtle rust | IPPC

Bactrocera dorsalis – Oriental fruit fly | IPPC

Bactrocera latifrons – Solanum fruit fly | EPPO

Bactrocera zonata – Peach fruit fly | EPPO

Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (Benyvirus) – Beet necrotic yellow vein (BNYVV) | EPPO

Bemisia tabaci other than B & AN – Silver leaf white fly | EPPO

Burkholderia caryophylli – Carnation bacterial wilt | EPPO

Bursaphelenchus xylophilus – Pine wilt nematode | EPPO

Bursaphelenchus xylophilus – Pine wilt nematode | IPPC

Cacoecimorpha pronubana – Carnation tortrix | EPPO

Cacyreus marshalli – Pelargonium butterfly | EPPO

Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifoliae – Lime witches broom | EPPO

Candidatus Liberibacter africanus – Huanglongbing | EPPO

EPPO diagnostic protocol for Candidatus Liberibacter africanus, Candidatus Liberibacter americanus and Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus.

Candidatus Liberibacter africanus – Huanglongbing | IPPC

Candidatus Liberibacter americanus – Huanglongbing | EPPO

Candidatus Liberibacter americanus – Huanglongbing | IPPC

Candidatus Liberibacter americanus – Huanglongbing | NAPPO

Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus – Huanglongbing | EPPO

Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus – Huanglongbing | IPPC

Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum – CLso, zebra chip| EPPO

EPPO diagnostic protocol for Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum and the psyllid vectors Bactericera cockerelli, Triozaapicalis and Bactericera trigonica.

Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum – CLso, zebra chip | IPPC

Candidatus Phytoplasma – Phytoplasmas | IPPC

Candidatus Phytoplasma mali – Apple proliferation | EPPO

Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum – European stone fruit yellows | EPPO

Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri – Pear decline | EPPO

Ceratitis capitata – Mediterranean fruit fly | EPPO

Ceratitis cosyra – Mango fruit fly | EPPO

Ceratocystis fagacearum – Oak wilt | EPPO

Ceratocystis platani – Plane canker | EPPO

Chrysanthemum stunt viroid (Pospiviroid) – Chrysanthemum stunt (CSVd) | EPPO

Ciborinia camelliae – Camellia petal blight | EPPO

Citrus tristeza virus (Closterovirus) – Mandarin stem pitting (CTV) | EPPO

Citrus tristeza virus (Closterovirus) – mandarin stem pitting (CTV) | IPPC

Citrus tristeza virus (Closterovirus) – Mandarin stem pitting (CTV) | NAPPO

Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. insidiosus – Bacterial wilt | EPPO

Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis – Bacterial canker of tomato | EPPO

Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus – Bacterial ring rot of potato | EPPO

Coloss Bee Book Volumes I and II

Conotrachelus nenuphar – Plum curculio | IPPC

Cryphonectria parasitica – Chestnut blight | EPPO

Cucumber vein yellowing virus (Ipomovirus) – Cucumber vein yellowing (CVYV) | EPPO

Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens – Bacterial tan spot of bean | EPPO

Dacus ciliatus – Lesser pumpkin fly | EPPO

Deformed wing virus (Iflavirus) – Deformed wing virus (DWV) | Bee Book

Dendroctonus ponderosae – mountain pine beetle | IPPC

Diabrotica virgifera virgifera – Western corn rootworm | EPPO

Diaphorina citri – Citrus psyllid | EPPO

Diaporthe vaccinii – Blueberry blight | EPPO

Ditylenchus destructor – Potato tuber nematode | EPPO

Ditylenchus destructor – Potato tuber nematode | IPPC

Ditylenchus dipsaci – Stem and bulb nematode | EPPO

Ditylenchus dipsaci – Stem and bulb nematode | IPPC

Dothistroma pini – Dothistroma blight | EPPO

Dothistroma septosporum (syn. Mycosphaerella pini) – Red band needle blight | EPPO

Drosophila suzukii – Spotted wing drosophila | EPPO

Eotetranychus lewisi – Lewis spider mite | EPPO

Epitrix cucumeris – Potato flea beetle | EPPO

Epitrix papa – Potato flea beetle | EPPO

Epitrix subcrinita – Western potato flea beetle | EPPO

Epitrix tuberis – Tuber flea beetle | EPPO

EPPO Diagnostic protocols

Erwinia amylovora – Fire blight | EPPO

Erwinia amylovora – fireblight | IPPC

Frankliniella occidentalis – Western flower thrips | EPPO

Fruit Fly Identification Australia (website)

Fruit Fly Identification Australia is a hub of information to assist in the accurate identification of fruit fly species that occur within Australia and species that are not present within Australia but pose the most significant threat to horticultural industries.

Fusarium circinatum – pine pitch canker | IPPC

Fusarium circinatum – Pitch pine canker | EPPO

Fusarium foetens – Begonia blight | EPPO

Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. albedinis – Fusarium wilt of date palm | EPPO

Globodera pallida – Potato cyst nematode | EPPO

Globodera rostochiensis – Potato cyst nematode | EPPO

Grapevine flavescence doree phytoplasma – Flavescence doree | EPPO

Gremmeniella abietina – Scleroderris canker | EPPO

Gymnosporangium asiaticum – Japanese pear rust | EPPO

EPPO diagnostic protocol for G. asiaticum, G. clavipes, G. globosum, G. juniperi-viginianae and G. yamadae.

Gymnosporangium clavipes – Cedar quince rust | EPPO

Gymnosporangium globosum – Cedar hawthorn rust | EPPO

Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae – Cedar-apple rust | EPPO

Gymnosporangium yamadae – Japanese apple rust | EPPO

Handbook for the Identification of Fruit Flies

This completely revised version of The Australian Handbook for the Identification of Fruit Flies was compiled by diagnosticians for diagnosticians using some of the latest research outcomes and resources available.

Helicoverpa armigera – Cotton bollworm | EPPO

Heterobasidion irregulare – Conifer root rot | EPPO

Heterodera glycines – Soybean cyst nematode | EPPO

Hirschmanniella spp. – Lesion nematode | EPPO

How to Send Samples for Diagnosis in Australia: Plant Disease and Insect Identification

Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus – Ash dieback | EPPO

Impatiens necrotic spot virus (Tospovirus) – Impatiens necrotic spot (INSV) | EPPO

Impatiens necrotic spot virus (Tospovirus) – Impatiens necrotic spot (INSV) | IPPC

Ips spp. – Bark beetles | IPPC

Lecanosticta acicola – Brown spot needle blight | EPPO

Lepidosaphes ussuriensis – Ussuri oystershell scale | EPPO

Liriomyza bryoniae – Tomato leaf miner | EPPO

Liriomyza bryoniae – tomato leaf miner | IPPC

Liriomyza huidobrensis – leaf miner | IPPC

Liriomyza huidobrensis – Pea leaf miner | EPPO

Liriomyza sativae – leaf miner | IPPC

Liriomyza sativae – Vegetable leaf miner | EPPO

Liriomyza trifolii – American serpentine leaf miner | EPPO

Liriomyza trifolii – leaf miner | IPPC

Longidorus diadecturus – Needle nematode | EPPO

Lopholeucaspis japonica – Japanese baton shaped beetle | EPPO

Lycorma delicatula – Spotted lanternfly | EPPO

Maconellicoccus hirsutus – Pink hibiscus mealybug | EPPO

Margarodes prieskaensis – Ground pearl | EPPO

Margarodes vitis – Ground pearl | EPPO

Margarodes vredendalensis – Ground pearl | EPPO

Melampsora medusae – Poplar rust | EPPO

Meloidogyne chitwoodi – Columbia root knot nematode | EPPO

Meloidogyne enterolobii – Guava root knot nematode | EPPO

Meloidogyne fallax – False Columbia root knot nematode | EPPO

Meloidogyne mali – Apple root knot nematode | EPPO

Monilinia fructicola – Brown rot | EPPO

Nacobbus aberrans sensu lato – False root knot nematode | EPPO

Neophilaenus campestris – Spittlebug | EPPO

Opogona sacchari – Sugarcane borer | EPPO

Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii – Stewart’s wilt of maize | EPPO

Parasaissetia nigra – Black coffee scale | EPPO

Paysandisia archon – South American palm borer | EPPO

Pepino mosaic virus (Potexvirus) – Pepino mosaic (PepMV) | EPPO

Philaenus italosignus – Spittlebug | EPPO

Philaenus spumarius – Meadow spittlebug | EPPO

Phyllosticta citricarpa (syn. Guignardia citricarpa) – Citrus black spot | EPPO

Phyllosticta citricarpa McAlpine – citrus black spot | IPPC

Phytophthora cinnamomi – Dieback | EPPO

Phytophthora kernoviae – Beech bleeding canker | EPPO

Phytophthora lateralis – Cypress root rot | EPPO

Phytophthora ramorum – Sudden oak death | EPPO

Phytophthora ramorum – Sudden oak death | IPPC

Plasmopara halstedii – Sunflower downy mildew | EPPO

Plenodomus tracheiphilus – Mal secco | EPPO

Plum pox virus (Potyvirus) – Sharka (PPV) | EPPO

Plum pox virus (Potyvirus) – Sharka (PPV) | IPPC

Popillia japonica – Japanese beetle | EPPO

Pospiviroid | EPPO

Potato spindle tuber viroid (Pospiviroid) – Potato spindle tuber (PSTVd) | EPPO

Potato spindle tuber viroid (Pospiviroid) – Potato spindle tuber (PSTVd) | IPPC

Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae – Kiwifruit bacterial canker | EPPO

Pseudomonas syringae pv. persicae – Peach bacterial dieback | EPPO

Puccinia horiana – Chrysanthemum white rust | EPPO

Radopholus similis – Banana root nematode | EPPO

Ralstonia solanacearum species complex- Bacterial brown rot | EPPO

EPPO diagnostic protocol for R. solanacearum, R. pseudosolanacearum and R. syzygii.

Rhagoletis completa – walnut husk fly | EPPO

Rhynchophorus ferrugineus – Palm weevil | EPPO

EPPO diagnostic protocol for R. ferrugineus and R. palmarum.

Rhynchophorus palmarum – Red palm weevil | EPPO

Ripersiella hibisci – Root mealybug | EPPO

Scirtothrips aurantii – South African citrus thrips | EPPO

EPPO diagnostic protocol for S. aurantii, S. citri and S. dorsalis.

Scirtothrips citri – Californian citrus thrips | EPPO

Scirtothrips dorsalis – Chilli thrips | EPPO

Slow paralysis virus (Iflavirus) – Slow paralysis (SBPV) | Bee Book

Sorghum halepense – Johnson grass | IPPC

Spodoptera eridania – Southern armyworm | EPPO

Spodoptera frugiperda – Fall armyworm | EPPO

Spodoptera littoralis – Egyptian cotton leafworm | EPPO

Spodoptera litura – Cotton leafworm | EPPO

Sternochetus mangiferae – Mango seed weevil | EPPO

Synchytrium endobioticum – potato wart | EPPO

Tecia solanivora – Guatemalan potato moth | EPPO

Tetranychus evansi – Red spider mite | EPPO

Tetranychus spp. – spider mites | NAPPO

Thaumatotibia leucotreta – False codling moth | EPPO

Thaumetopoea pityocampa – Pine processionary moth | EPPO

The Caterpillar Key (Lepidoptera)

An interactive key for identifying families of Lepidoptera larvae, particularly those of Australian biosecurity concern

Thrips palmi – Palm thrips | EPPO

Thrips palmi – Palm thrips | IPPC

Tilletia indica – Karnal bunt | EPPO

Tilletia indica – Karnal bunt | IPPC

Tobacco ringspot virus (Nepovirus) – Tobacco ringspot (TRSV) | EPPO

Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (Tobamovirus) – Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) | EPPO

Tomato chlorosis virus (Crinivirus) – Tomato yellows (ToCV) | EPPO

Tomato infectious chlorosis virus (Crinivirus) – Tomato infectious chlorosis (TICV) | EPPO

Tomato mottle virus (Begomovirus) – Tomato mottle (ToMoV) | EPPO

Tomato ringspot virus (Nepovirus) – Tomato ringspot (ToRSV) | EPPO

Tomato spotted wilt virus (Tospovirus) – Tomato spotted wilt (TSWV) | EPPO

Tomato spotted wilt virus (Tospovirus) – Tomato spotted wilt (TSWV) | IPPC

Tomato yellow leaf curl (Begomovirus) – Tomato yellow leaf curl (TYLCV) | EPPO

Tospoviruses (genus Orthotospovirus) | EPPO

Toxoptera citricidus – Black citrus aphid | EPPO

Trioza erytreae – African citrus psyllid | EPPO

Trogoderma granarium – Khapra beetle | IPPC

Trogoderma granarium – Khapra beetle | EPPO

Tropilaelaps clareae – tropilaelaps mite | Bee Book

Tropilaelaps clareae – tropilaelaps mite | OIE

Tropilaelaps mercedesae – tropilaelaps mite | Bee Book

Tropilaelaps mercedesae – tropilaelaps mite | OIE

Unaspis citri – Citrus snow scale | EPPO

Varroa destructor – varroa mite | Bee Book

Varroa destructor – varroa mite | OIE

Varroa jacobsoni – varroa mite | Bee Book

Varroa jacobsoni – varroa mite | OIE

Verticillium dahliae – Verticillium wilt | EPPO

Verticillium nonalfalfae – Verticillium wilt | EPPO

Watermelon silver mottle virus (Orthotospovirus) – Watermelon silver mottle (WMSMOV) | EPPO

Watermelon silver mottle virus (Orthotospovirus) – Watermelon silver mottle (WMSMOV) | IPPC

Xanthomonas arboricola pv. corylina – Hazelnut bacterial blight | EPPO

Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni – Stonefruit bacterial blight | EPPO

Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. allii – Xanthomonas leaf blight | EPPO

Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri – Citrus bacterial canker | EPPO

Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. dieffenbachiae – Anthurium bacterial canker | EPPO

Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri – citrus canker | IPPC

Xanthomonas euvesicatoria – Capsicum bacterial spot | EPPO

Xanthomonas fragariae – angular leaf spot | IPPC

Xanthomonas fragariae – Strawberry angular leaf spot | EPPO

Xanthomonas gardneri – Tomato bacterial spot | EPPO

Xanthomonas oryzae – Rice bacterial blight | EPPO

Xanthomonas perforans – Tomato bacterial spot | EPPO

Xanthomonas vesicatoria – Tomato bacterial spot | EPPO

Xiphinema americanum – American dagger nematode | EPPO

Xiphinema americanum sensu lato – Dagger nematode | IPPC

Xylella fastidiosa – Pierce’s disease | EPPO

Xylella fastidiosa – Pierce’s disease | IPPC

Xylophilus ampelinus – Grapevine canker | EPPO

Zeugodacus cucurbitae – Melon fly | EPPO

ACIAR Report- Diagnostic manual for plant diseases in Vietnam

This manual is designed to help plant pathologists develop basic skills in the diagnosis of the cause of diseases, focusing on fungal diseases of the roots and stems.

Australasian Plant Pathology Society (APPSnet)

The APPSnet is dedicated to the advancement and dissemination of knowledge of plant pathology and its practice in Australasia.

Australian Entomological Society

Objective is to advance and disseminate entomological knowledge in all its aspects, particularly but not exclusively, in relation to the Australian fauna.

Australian Longhorn Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Volume 1

This volume provides a general introduction to the Australian Cerambycidae with sections on biology, phylogeny and morphology of adult and larvae, followed by the keys to the subfamilies and an overview of the 74 genera of the subfamily Lamiinae occurring in Australia. Cost: AU$150

Australian Lygaeoidea (Heteroptera) of Economic Importance

A manual to help in identification Australian of Lygaeoidea (Heteroptera) of Economic Importance

Australian Plant Bugs (Miridae: Heteroptera) of Economic Importance

A manual to help in identification of Australian Plant Bugs (Miridae: Heteroptera) of Economic Importance

Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants

Barcode of Life Database (BOLD)

BOLD is designed to support the generation and application of DNA Barcode data.

Biosecurity Portal

The Biosecurity Portal provides ready access to information about biosecurity surveillance, diagnostics, training, technical information, tools, national policies and strategies, and legislation to plant health professionals and stakeholders across government, industry and the community. The vision for the Portal is to integrate biosecurity activities, scientific capabilities and analysis across the biosecurity continuum

BM(NH) LepIndex, The Global Lepidoptera Names Index

LepIndex is the digitised card index of the Lepidoptera unit of the British Museum of Natural History, London. This database provides comprehensive information regarding the taxonomic histories of all Lepidoptera. If you need to clarify the author and year of description of any Lepidoptera, this is the place you need to visit. The database content is accurate - as one would expect from the British Museum of Natural History - but not always precise. For example, year of publication was found to be inaccurate for a number of Sphingidae.

Bugwood Wiki

CABI

Diagnostician’s Cookbook

The Diagnostician's Cookbook is meant to help share information on techniques used in the diagnosis of plant diseases and disorders.

Discovering Biodiversity: A decadal plan for taxonomy and biosystematics in Australia and New Zealand 2018–2027

This decadal plan seeks to use new and emerging technologies, develop key infrastructure, and create a unified and dynamic science that will serve the needs of society, government, industry and our unique biodiversity.

EPPO Guidelines- Rep-PCR tests for identification of bacteria

This standard describes how to perform rep-PCR tests for identification of bacterial isolates.

EPPO standard- DNA barcoding as an identification tool for a number of regulated pests

This Standard describes the use of DNA barcoding protocols in support of identification of a number of regulated pests and invasive plant species comparing DNA barcode regions with those deposited in publicly available sequence databases.

EPPO standard- Electron microscopy in diagnosis of plant viruses

This Standard describes the use of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for the detection of virus particles in plant sap.

EPPO standard- ELISA tests for plant pathogenic bacteria

This standard describes how to perform an ELISA test for detection and ⁄ or identification in bacterial diagnostics using: (i) Indirect; (ii) Double antibody sandwich-DAS; (iii) Double antibody sandwich indirect-DASI also named triple antibody sandwich-TAS; and (iv) Direct tissue-print, squash or colony-dot.

EPPO standard- ELISA tests for viruses

EPPO standard- Generic detection of phytoplasmas

This Standard describes a diagnostic protocol for the generic detection of phytoplasmas.

EPPO standard- Indirect immunofluorescence test for plant pathogenic bacteria

This standard describes how to perform an indirect immuno-fluorescence test (IF) for plant pathogenic bacteria.

EPPO standard- Nematode extraction

This EPPO standard describes procedures for nematode extraction.

European Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) Reporting Service

The European Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) Reporting Service is a free monthly newsletter that covers events of phytosanitary concern, such as new pest outbreaks, newly identified host plants and new diagnostic methods. It primarily focuses on regulated pests, including invasive alien plants, as well as emerging pests that may pose a risk to the EPPO region. 

European Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) Standards PM 7 Diagnostics

PM 7 is an EPPO Standard dedicated to diagnostic protocols for regulated pests. It provides internationally agreed-upon methods for detecting and identifying plant pests and pathogens, which are essential for protecting plant health and facilitating trade and pest management.

Guide to New Zealand soil invertebrates

High Throughput Sequencing

Identification Guide to Lepidoptera Larvae Intercepted on Trade Pathways

A publication by the Entomological Society of New Zealand. This Lepidoptera larval identification guide was prepared using invertebrate interception data collected from fresh produce imported into New Zealand covering pre- and post-border interceptions from 1990—2008.

International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants

The International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants is the set of rules and recommendations that govern the scientific naming of all organisms traditionally treated as algae, fungi, or plants, whether fossil or non-fossil, including blue-green algae (Cyanobacteria), chytrids, oomycetes, slime moulds, and photosynthetic protists with their taxonomically related non-photosynthetic groups (but excluding Microsporidia).

International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV)

The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) authorises and organises virus taxonomic classification and nomenclatures. The ICTV has developed a universal taxonomic scheme for viruses.

International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) virus naming convention

The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) naming convention.

IPPC Guide to Delivering Phytosanitary Diagnostic Services

This IPPC guide provides information to support the establishment, operation and maintenance of diagnostic laboratories and services in order to support national phytosanitary systems.

MycoBank

MycoBank is an on-line database aimed as a service to the mycological and scientific society by documenting nomenclatural novelties and associated data.

National Plant Diagnostic Network (NPDN) First Detector program

The USA National Plant Diagnostic Network (NPDN) First Detector program promotes the early detection of invasive, exotic plant pathogens, arthropods, nematodes, and weeds. Implementation of the NPDN program occurs primarily through partnering Land Grant University (LGU) members.

PestLens

USDA's phytosanitary early-warning system, collecting and distributing new information on exotic plant pests.

Pests and Diseases Image Library (PaDIL)

PaDIL offers high-quality colour diagnostic images and information on pests and diseases along with a number of comparative native species. You can use PaDIL to: view plant pest images to help with making diagnoses; compare plant pest of interest with comparative native species; query datasets and manage image database libraries; assist with use of PaDIL remote microscopy

Plant Protection (Books 1-4)

Book 1 – Pests, Diseases and Weeds – These are the causes of most plant problems. Some problems affect a wide range of plants, others a limited range. Diagnosis of the cause of a problem precedes effective control.
Book 2 – Methods of Control – All possible methods of control are considered including preventative and non-chemical methods.
Book 3 – Selected Ornamentals, Fruit and Vegetables – Most plants included in this book are prone to problems or are important commercial and horticultural species. This book is a starting point for the collection of the type of information needed for the preparation of a plant management program.
Book 4 – How to Diagnose Plant Problems – This is a ‘how to’ book that describes the process of diagnosing plant problems. It is not intended for identifying specific pests, diseases and weeds.

Plantwise Knowledge Bank

Brings together key plant health information from across the world, including a useful diagnostic tool and factsheet library to help diagnose and manage plant health problems.

Reference collections training resources

Rust Fungi of Australia

Scientific review of the impact of climate change on plant pests

Climate change represents an unprecedented challenge to the world’s biosphere and to the global community. It also represents a unique challenge for plant health. Human activities and increased market globalization, coupled with rising temperatures, has led to a situation that is favourable to pest movement and establishment. This scientific review assesses the potential effects of climate change on plant pests and consequently on plant health. The evidence assessed strongly indicates that climate change has already expanded some pests’ host range and geographical distribution, and may further increase the risk of pest introduction to new areas. This calls for international cooperation and development of harmonized plant protection strategies to help countries successfully adapt their pest risk management measures to climate change.

Smut Fungi of Australia

An interactive key for the 312 species of plant pathogenic smut fungi (Ustilaginomycetes) known from Australia. Most grasses, including the economically important cereals, are hosts of smut fungi. Many smut fungi are also found on grasses in rangeland zones, an area of national priority.

Smut Fungi of Thailand

An interactive key for the 69 species of plant pathogenic smut fungi (Ustilaginomycetes) known from Thailand. Most grasses, including the economically important cereals, are hosts of smut fungi. Many smut fungi are also found on grasses in rangeland zones, an area of national priority.

Taxonomy Australia

Taxonomy Australia, is a website by of the Australian Academy of Science. Its aim is to propel taxonomy and biosystematics onto the radar of policymakers, scientists and the broader community. The new program, which is overseen by an Academy steering committee, arose out of the decadal plan for taxonomy and biosystematics, published in 2018 by the Academy.

Tomato, capsicum, chilli and eggplant: a field guide for the identification of insect pests, beneficial, diseases and disorders in Australia and Cambodia

This practical guide is intended to be a tool for integrated pest management. Originally designed for Khmer-speaking farmers in Australia and Cambodia, this guide will help students, extension officers and farm advisers, in Australia, Cambodia, and in countries facing similar challenges, grow healthy tomatoes, capsicums, chillies and eggplants. It identifies the major insect pests, beneficial organisms, diseases, and nutritional and climatic disorders which affect these crops.

Overview of 2022/2023 NPBDN Residentials

Biosecurity Portal

The Biosecurity Portal provides ready access to information about biosecurity surveillance, diagnostics, training, technical information, tools, national policies and strategies, and legislation to plant health professionals and stakeholders across government, industry and the community. The vision for the Portal is to integrate biosecurity activities, scientific capabilities and analysis across the biosecurity continuum

PaDIL Remote Microscope Diagnostics

Allows species experts to view and identify specimens in real time via a microscope and internet connection. This tool facilitates access to experts both nationally and internationally to support fast and inexpensive diagnostics. Current nodes of the network include most states of Australia, New Zealand, Indonesia and some south-east Asian countries. Remote Microscope Diagnostics (RMD) facilitates pest identification by connecting microscopes with computers over the internet, and users share live images with experts in real time around the world. You can use RMD to: assist with plant pest identifications; facilitate training and share knowledge.

National Plant Biosecurity Diagnostic Strategy

National Plant Biosecurity Strategy

A comprehensive ten year plan that points the way for governments, plant industries and the community to work closely together to strengthen Australia’s plant biosecurity system.